Solenostoma
Terrestrial or lithophytic, paroicous (not in Victoria) or dioicous. Specialised asexual propagules absent. Stems prostrate, erect or ascending, simple or sparingly branched from older parts of the stem, with two ranks of lateral leaves, sometimes with only reduced leaves when prostrate, rarely with longitudinal lamellae (not in Victoria); branches emerging from main stem in axil of unmodified lateral leaf and with a collar of tissue at base, rarely branches emerging abaxial to narrower lateral leaves and without a collar of tissue at base. Leaves orbicular, ovate or broadly elliptic, unlobed, alternate, succubous to transverse in insertion and orientation, remote to imbricate, usually decurrent, entire, unistratose or bistratose (not in Victoria), with plane, recurved or revolute (not in Victoria) margins, with rounded apices. Underleaves absent. Leaf cells polygonal to oblong, smooth to papillose, thin-walled, with small or distinct trigones, rarely without trigones (not in Victoria), sometimes evenly thick-walled at margins (not in Victoria), with 1–9 oil bodies; oil bodies fusiform, ellipsoid or spherical, finely granular to granular-botryoidal. Rhizoids scattered along abaxial stem, fascicled near leaf bases (not in Victoria), or sometimes also from abaxial surface of leaf bases (not in Victoria) or perianth (not in Victoria), colourless, brownish, red or purplish. Androecia terminal or becoming intercalary, with 3–12 pairs of leaf-like but more ventricose bracts, each with 1–3 antheridia. Sporophyte terminal on leading axes, surrounded by bracts and perianth; bracts in 2–3 pairs, subtending perianth; perianth pyriform, obovoid, fusiform or cylindric, irregularly 4–6-plicate toward mouth, crenulate and sometimes beaked at mouth, emergent from bracts or immersed within them (not in Victoria), at apex of perigynium or perigynium absent; perigynium when present ring-like or tubular (not in Victoria). Capsule spherical to ovoid, 2–5-stratose; elaters bispiral; spores globose, granulate to papillate or verruculose.
Worldwide except Antarctica and with 140 species (Schuster 2002; Söderström et al. 2016); two species in Victoria.
Schuster, R.M. (2002). Austral Hepaticae Part II. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 119. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchbehandlung: Berling & Stuttgart.
Söderström, L., Hagborg, A., von Konrat, M., Bartholomew-Began, S., Bell, D., Briscoe, L., Brown, E., Cargill, D.C., Costa, D.P., Crandall-Stotler, B.J., Cooper, E.D., Dauphin, G., Engel, J.J., Feldberg, K., Glenny, D., Gradstein, S.R., He, X., Heinrichs, J., Hentschel, J., Ilkiu-Borges, A.L., Katagiri, T., Konstantinova, N.A., Larraín, J., Long, D.G., Nebel, M., Pócs, T., Puche, F., Reiner-Drehwald, E., Renner, M.A.M., Sass-Gyarmati, A., Schäfer-Verwimp, A., Moragues, J.S., Stotler, R.E., Sukkharak, P., Thiers, B.M., Uribe, J., Váňa, J., Villarreal, J.C., Wigginton, M., Zhang, L. & Zhu, R. (2016). World checklist of hornworts and liverworts. Phytokeys 59: 1–828.
Spinning