Temnoma
Terrestrial, lithophytic, or rarely epiphyllous (not in Victoria), dioicous. Asexual reproduction absent. Stems sparingly and irregularly branched; branches arising from main stem abaxial or adaxial to modified lateral leaf with fewer lobes and without a collar of tissue at base, or from axils of modified underleaves with fewer lobes and without a collar of tissue at base, or rarely from near unmodified lateral leaves (not in Victoria) and underleaves and with a collar of tissue at base. Lateral leaves succubous, wide-spreading from stem, distant to imbricate, imbricate near apex, 4-lobed, often with additional and sometimes large and lobe-like teeth basal to lobes, cuneate to flabellate in outline, rarely unlobed and rotund (not in Victoria), unistratose; lobes triangular to lanceolate, entire, dentate or ciliate. Underleaves similar in form to lateral leaves, often slightly smaller than lateral leaves. Leaf cells polygonal to quadrate, often becoming oblong or rectangular in cilia and lobes, striolate, papillose, verrucose or smooth (not in Victoria), thin- or thick- (not in Victoria) walled, without trigones, with 3–12 smooth or finely granulate globular, ellipsoid or ovoid oil bodies. Perianth arising from coelocaule precursor, cylindric to obloid, trigonous and with 3 or more plicae at least toward apex, wide open at apex where ciliate.
Eleven species, most diverse in New Zealand, but also in southern South America, Venezuela, south-eastern Australia and one species from India through to the tropical Pacific (Schuster 2000; Söderström et al. 2006); at least two species in Victoria.
Schuster, R.M. (2000). Austral Hepaticae Part I. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 118. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchbehandlung: Berling & Stuttgart.
Söderström, L., Hagborg, A., von Konrat, M., Bartholomew-Began, S., Bell, D., Briscoe, L., Brown, E., Cargill, D.C., Costa, D.P., Crandall-Stotler, B.J., Cooper, E.D., Dauphin, G., Engel, J.J., Feldberg, K., Glenny, D., Gradstein, S.R., He, X., Heinrichs, J., Hentschel, J., Ilkiu-Borges, A.L., Katagiri, T., Konstantinova, N.A., Larraín, J., Long, D.G., Nebel, M., Pócs, T., Puche, F., Reiner-Drehwald, E., Renner, M.A.M., Sass-Gyarmati, A., Schäfer-Verwimp, A., Moragues, J.S., Stotler, R.E., Sukkharak, P., Thiers, B.M., Uribe, J., Váňa, J., Villarreal, J.C., Wigginton, M., Zhang, L. & Zhu, R. (2016). World checklist of hornworts and liverworts. Phytokeys 59: 1–828.
Spinning